تويت
Imam Musa bin Ja'far al-Kazim(AS) The Seventh Holy Imam
Name: Musa
Title: Al-Kazim
Kunyat: Abu Ibrahim
Born: at Ab
(between Mecca and Medina) on Sunday the 7th Safar 128 A.HFather's name: Imam Jafar-as-Sadiq(AS).
Mother's name: Hamida Khatoon.
Martyred:aged 55 years at Baghdad on Friday, 25th Rajab 183 A.H.
Poisoned by: Ha
n-al-Rashid.the ling Abbasid caliph.Buried:at Kazmain, Baghdad.
Name Epithet and Titles
Name "Musa", epithet Abul Hasan and his famous title
s Kazim. His matchless devotion and worship of God has also earned him the title of "Abd-e-Saleh" (virtuous slave of God). Generosity s synonymous with his name and no beggar ever returned from his door empty handed. Even after his martyrdom, he continued to be obliging and
s generous to his devotees who came to his Holy tomb with prayers and behests which were invariably granted by God. Thus one of his additional titles is also "Bab-e-Qaza-ul-Haij" (the door to fulfilling needs).Parents:
The Holy Imam Moosa-e-Kazim(AS)
s the son of Imam Jafar-as-Sadiq(AS) the sixth Imam. The name of his mother s Hamida who s the daughter of a noble man named Saed, hailing from the country of Berber(present Algeria).Birth:
The Holy Imam
s born on 7th Safar 128 A.H. at a place called Ab, situated between Mecca and Medina.Childhood:
Imam Moosa-e-Kazim(AS) passed 20 years of his sacred life under the gracious patronage of his Holy father. His inherent genius and gifted virtues combined with the enlightened guidance and education from the Holy Imam Jafar-as-Sadiq(AS), showed in the manifestation of his future personality. He
s fully versed with Divine knowledge even in his childhood.Allama Majlisi relates that once Abu Hanifa happened to call upon the holy abode of Imam Jafar-as-Sadiq(AS) to ask him about some religious matters (Masail). The Imam
s asleep and so he s kept iting outside till the Imam's akening.Meanwhile Imam Moosa Kazim(AS), who
s then 5 years old, came out of his house, Abu Hanifa, after offering him his best compliments, enqired:"O the son of the Holy Prophet! what is your opinion about the deeds of a man? Does he do them by himself or does God makes him do them?"
"O Abu Hanifa", the five year old Imam replied at once, in the typical tone of his ancestors. "The doings of a man are confined to three possibilities. First, that God alone does them while the man is quite helpless. Second, that both God and the man do equally share the commitment. Third, that man does them alone. Now if the first assumption is t
e, it obviously proves the unjustness of God who punishes his creatures for sins which they have not committed. And if the second condition be acceptable, even then God becomes unjust if He punishes the man for the crimes in which he is equally a partner. But the undesirability of both these conditions is evident in the case of God. Thus we are naturally left with the third alternative to the problem that men are absolutely responsible for their own doings."
Imamat:
The Holy Imam Jafar-as-Sadiq(AS)
s martyred by the Abbasid caliph by poisoning on 15 Rajab 148 A.H. and with effect from the same date Imam Moosa-e-Kazim(AS) succeeded the Holy Office of Imamat as the seventh Imam. The period of his Imamat continued for 35 years. In the first decade of his Imamat, Holy Imam Moosa Kazim(AS) could afford a peaceful execution of the responsibilities of his sacred office and carried on the propagationof the teachings of the Holy Prophet(p.b.u.h). But soon after, he fell a victim to the ling kings and a greater part of his life passed in prison.Political Condition:
Imam Moosa-e-Kazim(AS) lived under the most c
cial times in the regimes of the despotic Abbasid kings who were marked for their tyrannical and cel administration. He witnessed the reigns of Mansur-e-Daniqi, Mahdi and Haroon-al-Rashid. Mansur and Haroon were the despotic kings who put a multitude of innocent descendants of the Holy Prophet(p.b.u.h) to the sword. Thousands of these martyrs were alive inside lls or put into horrible dark prisons during their lifetime. These depraved Caliphs knew no pity or justice and they killed and tortured for the pleasure the derived from human sufferings.The Holy Imam
s saved from the tyranny of Mansur because the king, being occupied with his project of constcting the new city of Baghdad, could not get time to turn tords victimising the Holy Imam. By 157 A.H. the city of Baghdad s built. This s soon followed by the death of its founder a year later. After Mansur, his son Mehdi ascended the throne.For a few years he remained indifferent to
rds the Holy Imam. When in 164 A.H. he came to Medina and heard about the great reputation of the Holy Imam, he could not resist his jealousy and the spark of his ancestral malice against the Ahl-ul-Bayt(AS) s rekindled. He somehow managed to take the Holy Imam along with him to Baghdad and got him imprisoned there. But after a year he realised his mistake and released the Holy Imam for jail. Caliph Mehdi
s succeeded by Hadi who lived only for a year. Now in 170 A.H., the most cel and tyrannical king Haroon-al-Rashid appeared at the head of the Abbasid Empire. It s during his reign that the Holy Imam passed the greater part of his life in a miserable prison till he s martyred.Moral and Ethical Excellence:
As regards his morality and ethical excellence, Ibne-Hajar remarks, "The patience and forbearance of Imam Moosa-e-Kazim(AS)
s such that he s given the title of Al-Kazim (one who sllows down his anger). He s the embodiment of virtue and generosity. He dovoted his nights to the prayers of God and his days to fasting. He alys forgave those who did wrong to him."His kind and generous attitude to
rds the people s such that he used to patronise and help the poor and destitutes of Medina and provide for them cash, food, clothes and other necessities of sustenance secretly. It continued to be a riddle for the receivers of gifts throughout the Imam's life-time as to who their benefactor s, but the secret s not revealed until after his martyrdom.Literary Attainments:
Time and circumstances did not permit the Holy Imam Moosa-e-Kazim(AS) to establish institutions to impart religious knowledge to his followers as his father, Imam Jafar-as-Sadiq(AS) and his grandfather, Imam Muhammad-al-Baqir(AS) had done. He
s never allowed to address a congregation. He carried on his mission of preaching and guiding people quietly. He also became the author of a few books of which the most famous is "Musnad of Imam Moosa-e-Kazim(AS)".Martyrdom:
In 179 A.H. king Haroon-al-Rashid visited Medina. The fire of malice and jealousy against the Ahl-ul-Bayt
s kindled in his heart when he saw the great influence and popularity which the Holy Imam enjoyed amongst the people there. He got the Holy Imam arrested while he s busy in prayer at the tomb of the Holy Prophet(p.b.u.h) and kept him in prison in Baghdad for a period of about 4 years. On the 25th of Rajab 183 A.H., he got the Imam martyred by poison. Even his corpse s not spared humiliation and s taken out of the prison and left on the bridge of Baghdad. His devotees however, managed to lay the Holy body of the Imam to rest in Kazmain (Iraq).المصدر
مؤسسة السبطين العالمية
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